ANTH B266 Monkeys, Apes, and Other Primates / B466 The Primates BIOL L302 Topics in Human Biology: The Primates PSYC P390 Special Topics in Psychology: Behavioral Primatology Summer II 2006 Indiana University Northwest Dr Bob Mucci, instructor Office: Lindenwood 231 Tel 219-980-6607 Office hours: Tues & Thurs 3 to 6 pm. If you can't find me, or need to leave a message or a paper, go to the Anthropology Main Office: Lindenwood 214 (980-6789). You may call me at home 773-929-0456 Email RMucci@iun.edu The general format of the course is open notes quizzes every day, and open book/notes exams (with a few exceptions), so take very good notes in class, review and annotate them after each class, and add to them while you are studying. Students can take this primates class under any of four different numbers: ANTH B466 is the basic number for the course, it is an IUB course number (so it transfers) and a science credit at IUN. ANTH B266 is the number for students who want a lighter load, no term paper. It is also a science credit, but of course does not carry "upper level" credit. BIOL L302 is a topics course number that is not required for Biology majors; it can be used in certain ways as a biology elective for the biology degrees, but it is mostly taken by other students to get a biology/science credit. PSYC P390 is the number Psych majors need, so they take it for their major, but it is not a science credit at IUN. Do not use this number for distribution credit if you are not a psych major. NOTE: you cannot get credit for this course twice, but if the topics listed are different, you can repeat P390 and L302; check your transcript on line to be sure. The assignments and requirements for the first three course numbers are identical, but B266 is less work: no paper. This means that I expect that students in the three upper level numbers have at least a minimal knowledge of primates from a course such as ANTH A105 or a zoology or psychology course, so that they can choose a research topic by next week. If such students have had no such background, my first couple of lectures will provide it; but they will have to study intensely as it will be review for most students. If you have not had that background and need to take this course instead of A105 right now, I suggest you get a copy of the children's book we use for A105/A303 and read it the first weekend; even if you took A105 or A303, reread it the first week. It is available in the IUN bookstore: Stonehouse, Bernard, A Visual Introduction to Monkeys and Apes: Animal Watch Series. Checkmark Books, 2000 Required Readings for all: Falk, Dean, Primate Diversity. Norton, 2000. (This is the "textbook" for the course, but I will point out some problems with it as we go along.) Rowe, Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates. Pogonias Press, 1996. (This is a picture book with photos of every species, but it also has lots of info and data, and a great bibliography.) Zihlman, Adrienne, Human Evolution Coloring Book, 2nd edition, 2000. Harper Resource. This is similar in concept to the Anatomy Coloring Book, which you may be familiar with. (We also use other parts of this book for other bioanthropology courses, it is a fun book that makes learning more interesting.) There will also be references made in class to the "optional" books: Optional book 1: Whitehead, Photo Atlas for Physical Anthropology (or Brief version) (Most of you will not need to buy this book, but it is used for several anthropology courses, and is a "must" for bioanthropology majors.) Optional book 2: Fleagle, Primate Adaptation and Evolution, 2nd edition: this big book is a graduate level book, but I recommend that those of you who want careers in Primatology or are going to grad school in Bioanthropology buy it now and begin using it. It is the "bible" of primatology, and will come in handy for most paper topics; two copies are on reserve at the IUN Library. If you have not had A105 or A303 Human origins, they are also science credits and meet concurrently earlier in the afternoon on the same Tues & Thurs in Summer II. A105 & A303 are the same course, but if you register for A303, you have to read and write more to get both upper level and intensive writing credit. Other recommended readings & source books: Walker's Mammals of the World (found in the reference section of library) Bromley, Monkeys, Apes (A children's book we used to use for A105.) (On Reserve) Eimeral & DeVore, Primates, Time-Life Nature Series (On Reserve) ZooBooks (several on apes on reserve) Fleagle, Primate Communities Strier, Primate Behavioral Ecology Collinge, Introduction to Primate Behavior Preston-Mafham, Primates of the World Swindler, Introduction to the Primates Small, Female Choices Richard, Primates in Nature Napier, Natural History of the Primates Smuts, Primate Societies Strier, Primate Behavioral Ecology Richard, Primates in Nature Nowak, Walker's Primates of the World Ciochon, The Primate Anthology Cheney, How Monkeys See the World Dolhinow, The Nonhuman Primates Jolly, Evolution of Primate Behavior, 2nd ed. Mittermeier, Lemurs of Madagascar Conroy, Primate Evolution Hershkovitz, Living New World Monkeys Kinsey, New World Primates Terborgh, Five New World Primates (ecology) McGrew, Great Ape Societies Schaller, The Mountain Gorilla Goodall, everything she wrote Stephens, The Order Primates Montgomery, Walking with the Great Apes Strum, Almost Human Oxnard, The Order of Man De Wall, Bonobo, the Forgotten Ape Bramblett, Patterns of Primate Behavior, 2nd ed Fossey, Gorillas in the Mist Internet: There are hundreds of sites about primates, and many are very useful for learning the basics of this course, and about many of the specific groups and species; however, I don't think B466 students will find it very useful for their research papers but it might be a good place to start looking for a topic. A good place to start is at: http://anthro.palomar.edu/primate/ (Practice quizzes even!) And these are all good: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Primates.html http://www.primates.com/ Or visit: http://elizabetholin.tripod.com/anintroductiontononhumanprimates1.html for a page written by a student in this class (but block the pop-ups). And this is a great site: http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/~reffland/anthropology/anthro2003/origins/primates.html Learn more about great apes at: http://www.unep.org/grasp/ A great way to find sites is to go to Google.com and type in primates and whatever else you are looking for, like "primates ecology" or "primate lemur" (which then shows 5630 sites about lemurs) or "lemurs female dominance" (which returns 521 sites). Grade Breakdown: B266 Students will be graded on their best 10 (out of 12) quizzes (30%), a midterm (30%) and a final (40%). Upper level students must also write an intensive senior-level library research paper of 15 or more pages; that paper will be 30% of their grade, so it breaks down at 20, 20, 30, 30%. Course Objectives: to provide a basic introduction to primatology, the scientific study of non-human primates and their ecology, anatomy, behavior, and evolution. Videos: the videos are part of the course, not entertainment: pay attention. Study Requirements: I expect that you will attend all of the lectures, read and otherwise study the assigned readings, and relate the two via your class notes. The average student should spend ten to twelve hours per week studying for this course (not including time spent on the reports). (I highly recommend Getting Straight A's by Gordon Green as a study aid.) Because of the great wealth of material that we will cover, and the necessity of understanding each topic before proceeding to the next, there will be a QUIZ every class. Quizzes will emphasize the PREVIOUS day's readings and lectures, but also may refer back one more class. (E.g., the FIFTH day's quiz will cover the FOURTH day's readings and lectures, and maybe some of the THIRD'S.) (I suggest you read ahead as well as review for the quizzes.) Note that the quizzes are 30% of your grade. The quizzes (and exams) are open notes, so not only take good lecture notes and annotate them as you review and study and read, but also take notes about all the required readings too; a few quizzes will be announced as allowing a particular book to be open. "Notes" means hand-written or typed by YOU; no Xeroxes, no print-outs of Internet sites, no books, no "copies" of other students' notes. The midterm and final are open books AND open notes. The quizzes, midterm and final exams will include a variety of types of questions (multiple choice, short answers, essays, etc.) and will cover a wide range of material, some difficult. In general, we mention nearly every topic and controversy of interest to primatologists; in an introductory course we cannot cover it all in depth, so be sure to get an overview of different kinds of primates, of the physical and behavioral characteristics of each major group and subgroups, of time and place in evolution, of major trends, and a solid understanding of basic concepts such as taxonomy. Since participation in the lectures, discussions, and audio/visual events is a part of what you are being given credit for, MULTIPLE UNEXCUSED ABSENCES will result in a lower score and hence a lower grade. I take attendance by keeping track of who takes each quiz, so if you come in late and miss the quiz or don't get to pick up your old quiz, be sure to check in with me after class to be sure that I don't mark you absent. NOTE: if you have a life crisis during the semester, call me right away so I can work with you regarding the class. B466/L302/P390 research paper. We are talking a senior level library research paper here, 15 to 20 pages to get a good grade, at least 10 just to pass. You must address a significant question and discover what has been written about it; the hardest part will be getting the materials thru inter-library loan in such a short time. The course description suggests a topic within behavioral and ecological correlates of morphology, but topics on primate behavior are possible too, but don't duplicate something you have done for another course. Some good topics have been: Are tarsiers anthropoids? Are Lemurs a monophyletic group? Do monkeys have a sense of self? Is knuckle-walking a shared derived trait? Why are Lemur females dominant to males? What do field studies of stress tell us about caring for primates in zoos? What about peacekeeping? Ecology & Social organization? Once you have a general idea of your topic, read what is available in the course books: then look at the Fleagle book and look at related content and bibliography, and the bibliography in the Rowe book. I will help you, so keep in touch. In the past most students took this course as B266; I would expect that this would be true especially in the summer (and we have one less meeting because of the 4th of July Holiday). This year, however, most are taking it at one of the three upper level numbers, so I will try and come up with appropriately short term paper topics and instructions. Those of you who are psychology majors might want to consider buying a copy on the Internet of How Monkeys See the World : Inside the Mind of Another Species by Dorothy L. Cheney, Robert M. Seyfarth (Paperback, 1992). This is a short book, not a textbook, and you can use this as the basis of your paper either by comparing it to other things you have already learned in Psychology, or by comparing it to more recent data that you uncover. The rest of you do not need to buy or read this book, but I will give a lecture or two on the general topic for everyone. Another format for a good paper goes like this: find two journal articles that give different viewpoints and evidence on a topic of controversy (like most of those above, and dozens more), and use this format: Part one, background on topic (textbooks and Fleagle); Parts two and three, a summary of each article; Part four, a comparison and critique of the two positions. Write four pages in each part, and Bingo!, it's a senior level research paper (for the purposes of this accelerated class). A major problem you will have with writing a paper in such a short time is access to journals; we do not have hard copies of any relevant journals at the IUN Library. Interlibrary loan for articles and books is pretty fast and I do suggest you use it. I also asked librarian Nicholas Rosselli about one-line access to primates journals, and here is his reply: your students will be able to access: American Journal of Primatology - fulltext from 1996 - present - via Wiley Interscience The International Journal of Primatology - fulltext from 1997 to a rolling 1 year embargo (paper copies available in Bloominton) - via Academic Search Elite Journal of Medical Primatology - fulltext from 1998 to a rolling 1 year embargo (paper copies available in Bloominton) - via Academic Search Elite Folia Primatologica - No fulltext (paper copies available in Bloominton), indexed via Medline (From Ulrichsweb) American Journal of Physical Anthropology - fulltext from 1996 - present - via Wiley Interscience [we also have a complete set of this journal in the Anthropology office] I did a bit of surfing the Web and also found: "Laboratory Primate Newsletter" - http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/ - which appears to offer fulltext for a fair period and "PrimateLit" - a bibliographic database covering the last 40 years available at http://primatelit.library.wisc.edu/ Nicholas Please ask Nick or any other librarian for assistance in accessing journals, and do not delay as the paper is due five weeks from next Tuesday. We do have hard copies of Evolutionary Anthropology at the IUN Library; you might be able to find one article and/or a topic by browsing that very readable popular journal; also consider finding topics by browsing thru National Geographic, Smithsonian, Natural History, and indexes to Science and Nature. I eliminated one book from previous years, but I will be giving out handouts instead; study them as if there were part of your textbook. SCHEDULE OF READINGS, LECTURES, AND ASSIGNMENTS (Subject to change) In the first two lectures I will try to review most of the basic primates stuff we cover in the ANTH A105 Human Origins course; that should bring all the students to an equal footing rather quickly. The course is organized like the Falk book, so after the first two days of introductory material, we will focus on a different group of primates each day; however, I will also be inserting general topics like "types of social organization" and "biomechanics", and they are not all mentioned in this syllabus. Thus some of the assignments and readings will be announced in class, so call or email me or another student if you miss a class. DAY One Thursday July 6: Introduction to the Order Primates. What is a primate? Principles of Linnaean Taxonomy. The species concept. The rain forest canopy. The Four Major Groups of primates. A quick look at Prosimians and the two kinds of monkeys. . READ: Stonehouse: thru page 29 (It's a children's book, remember!), and 42 thru 45; if you do not have this book, substitute on-line study, and also search for pictures (try Google Images http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi&q= ) READ: Falk: Preface and Introduction (pages 0 to 13). Familiarize yourself with Falk's Glossary on pages 363 to 370;in the future look up terms you come across in the readings and lectures. READ: Zihlman: Section 3 intro, then 3-1 thru 3-4, 3-6, 3-8, 3-11, 3-16, 3-25, 4-9 (actually coloring in the book is optional) READ: Rowe: Look at the Forward, Introduction, and Overview (thru page 11), and also at the maps inside both covers; you don't need to memorize everything in this packed section, as we will go over much of this again in greater detail later, so you will be referring back to it all semester. Start using the Glossary at the end of this book, too; consider why each definition you look up is somewhat different from Falk's. Optional: Fleagle Preface and Chapter 1; also pages 47 thru mid 59, and 67 & 68. Optional: Suggest you read or review the Primates section of any A105 Human Origins textbook, which most of you have. DAY Two Tuesday July 11. First quiz (closed book and open notes). Continue our general review of primates: The Apes; kinds of primate social organization; primate culture; estrus; sexual dimorphism and possible explanations; field studies. "Machiavellian Monkeys" handout. READ: Stonehouse pages 30 thru 41 READ: Rowe: 207 and 219 (just the two pages) READ: Falk: Chapter 2 READ: Zihlman 3-30 and 3-34 Optional: Fleagle: Chapter 3 DAY Three Thursday July 13 Quiz two (open notes) upper level students should have a proposed topic for their papers today, and talk to me about it. General characteristics of prosimians. Prosimians I: the loris group and the Tarsiers. The Strepsirhine/Haplorhine question. As we go along, pay attention to both the Latin name for each genus and the common name(s) of those animals. We will stick to the genus name and occasionally the species name, and the general names like "spider monkeys"; you do not have to learn name variants like "black-handed spider monkey" and subspecies names. Handout: "The Myth of the Coy Female" READ: Falk Chapter 3 READ: Rowe pages 12 thru 25, 52 thru 56 READ: Zihlman: 3-15, 3-17 thru 3-22, 4-4, 4-5, 4-8 Optional: Fleagle pages 82 - 85, 110 - 122, and Chapter 2 DAY Four Tuesday July 18 Quiz three Lemurs. READ: Falk Chapter 4 READ: Rowe pages 26 thru 51 READ: Zihlman 4-6, 4-7 Optional: Fleagle: pages 85 thru 104 DAY Five Thursday July 20 open book/notes quiz on Lemurs, and maybe a bit on other prosimians. Upper level: show me what you have done so far on your topic. General characteristics of Anthropoid primates; general characteristics of Platyrrhines. Handouts. New World Monkeys I: Callithricids (or is it Callitrichids?) READ: Falk Chapter 5 READ: Rowe pages 57 thru 79 READ: Zihlman: 3-4 thru 3-7, 4-9, 4-12, 4-13, 4-18 Optional: Fleagle pages 133 -139, and mid 160 - 174 DAY Six Tuesday July 25 quiz is open notes only. New World Monkeys II. (Or how I learned to hate Falk and Rosenberger). Handouts: articles on foraging behavior and brain size and "These are Real Swinging Primates" READ: Falk Chapter 6 READ: Rowe pages 80 to 117 READ: Zihlman 3-9, 3-10, 4-14 thru 4-17 Optional: Fleagle pages 136 thru 160, and Chapter 9 DAY Seven Thursday July 27. Open-book/open-notes quiz on Day Six material, followed by open-book/open-notes Midterm Exam (which also includes day six) You may leave after the exam (no lecture today) Day Eight Tuesday August 1 No Quiz today Upper level research paper outline and bibliography is due. Lecture on general characteristics of Catarrhines; Old World Monkeys, especially Colobine monkeys. Handouts. READ: Falk Chapter 7 READ: Rowe 119, and 168 thru 205 READ: Zihlman 1-16, and 4-18 thru 4-23 Optional: Fleagle pages 185 thru 190, 207 thru 223 DAY Nine Thursday Aug 3 quiz Cheek pouch monkeys. Much on social behavior. READ: Falk Chapter 8 READ: Rowe page 120 and pages 142 thru 167 READ: Zihlman 3-23 thru 3-30 Optional: Fleagle pages 186-207 & Chapter 8 (as applicable to monkeys in Falk Chapter 8) DAY Ten Tuesday Aug 8 quiz Cheek pouch monkeys II. Much more on social behavior. Hominoids in general; gibbons H/O "What are Friends for?" READ: Falk Chapters 9 &10 READ: Rowe pages 121 thru 141; 206 thru 217 Optional: Fleagle pages 186-207 & Chapter 8 (whatever is left); begin Chapter 7 on gibbons. Friday Aug 4 is the Automatic Withdrawal deadline, and it is also the last day to change from P390 to B266, etc. DAY Eleven Thursday Aug 10 quiz Orangs & Gorillas in detail. handout on "Digit" READ: Falk Chapters 11 & 12 READ: Rowe 219 - 227 READ: Zihlman 4-25 & 4-26, 4-30 thru 4-34, 5-1 Optional: Fleagle 235-245 & Chapter 9 DAY Twelve Tuesday Aug 15 quiz Finished research papers are due today. Common chimpanzees and bonobos; catch up and review lectures; review of skeletal material & primate evolution; (we may move upstairs to a lab for this part); READ: Falk Chapters 13 & 1 (on primate evolution), and Epilogue (Chapter 14 is optional reading and we will not cover it.) READ: Rowe 228 - 233 READ: Zihlman 1-22, 3-31 thru 3-35, 4-1 thru 4-4, 4-10, 4-11, 4--27 thru 4-30, 4-35 & 4-36 Optional: Fleagle 248-259; in fact Chapters 10 thru 16, plus 18, are all on primate evolution, skim as much as you want. DAY Thirteen Thursday Aug 17 open-book/open-notes quiz on Day 12 material, followed by open-book/open-notes Final Exam that emphasizes Catarrhine primates; some, more general, questions may include earlier material. Last opportunity for students to hand in their papers and avoid an incomplete is 2 pm Monday August 21, in the department office, Lindenwood 214.