Primates mid-term Open Book           Summer 2000         PRINT NAME ___________________

NOTE: NO ONE WILL BE ABLE TO GIVE FULL ANSWERS TO ALL OF THE QUESTIONS; THE STRATEGY IS TO EITHER GIVE FULL ANSWERS TO SOME QUESTIONS, OR QUICK ANSWERS TO ALL; THE NUMBER IN PARENTHESES IS THE MAXIMUM ANYONE CAN GET ON THAT QUESTION.

The first 4 questions ask for LISTS, not essays. Point value suggests number of items.

1. (10) List ten general characteristics that help to distinguish primates from other mammals:

2. (10) Cebuella, Phaner, and Euoticus all specialize in eating exudates; identify as many as you can of the convergences of anatomy and behavior that they exhibit that probably relate to this dietary adaptation.

3. (10) Larger animals differ from similar smaller species in many predictable ways; describe as many as you can, such as life history, locomotion, birth and sex, diet, IM, tails, etc.

4. (10) What are the general and detailed differences between prosimians and anthropoids? (Ignore tarsiers, but list as many traits as you can)

5. (8) What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a troop (rather than alone)?

6. (2) What does baculum refer to? Name one primate species (in Latin) that is relevant.

7. (2) What’s the difference between crepuscular and cathemeral?

8. (1) Saimiri are always sympatric with what other genus? ________________

9. (1) Which is the proper form? Saimiri sciureus or Saimiri sciureus or Saimiri Sciureus or Saimiri Sciureus

10. (10) Why are so many primates in danger of extinction?

11. (5) List the ways in which Goeldi’s monkey is different from other calltrichines.

12. (5) Cebus and Saimiri seem so different, but what similarities do they share that makes primatologists tend to put them together in their own family?

13. (10) We have come across several possible explanations for why some species have great sexual dimorphism, and others little or none; give several explanations, and the mechanisms by which they might work.

14. (1) What non-primate makes the best structural ancestor for primates? ____________________-

15. (10) Primatologists assume that Lemurs and Lorises are each a monophyletic group – a clade; certainly the Linnaean hierarchy reflects this assumption in all popular versions. But what would it mean to say that they are NOT two clades? Suggest a couple of alternative possibilities, and name families that seem to support the alternatives.

BONUS Give the common name of the primate:

with hardly any index finger: _________       With a “fork mark”___________

with the long skinny middle finger _________              that is a prosimian but not a strepsirhine ______

that’s big and white and hops bipedally when on the ground ____________________

the organ grinder monkey ____________                    that’s the oldest catarrhine ___________

Dr Mucci keeps getting confused because CEBID now refers to marmosets, tamarins, Goeldi’s, capuchins, and squirrels; what did cebid used to refer to?